Medical Advocates
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra/Aluvia)
 
Journal Citations: Drug/Drug/
Nutrient Interactions
Amprenavir
Atazanavir
 Bupropion
 Carbamazepine
 Efavirenz
 Elvucitabine
 Fexofenadine
Fosamprenavir
 Irinotecan
Itraconazole
 		 Methadone            Valproic Acid
 Nevirapine            Warfarin
 Phenytoin             Other PIs
 Rifampin
 Rosuvastatin
Saquinavir
 Tacrolimus
 Tenofovir
 Triamcinolone

      
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LPV/RTV/Amprenavir
 
 
Amprenavir and lopinavir pharmacokinetics following coadministration of
amprenavir or fosamprenavir with lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without efavirenz.
Pham PA, Hendrix CW, Barditch-Crovo P, et al 
Antivir Ther. 2007;12(6):963-9.
Abstract
 
Interactions between amprenavir and the lopinavir-ritonavir combination in
heavily pretreated patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
Taburet AM, Raguin G, Le Tiec C, et al 
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Apr;75(4):310-23
Abstract
 
Resistance to amprenavir before and after treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir in
highly protease inhibitor-experienced HIV patients.
Hasson H, Gianotti N, Danise A, et al
AIDS. 18(1):121-123, January 2, 2004.
Letter
 
FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Improving lopinavir genotype algorithm through phenotype correlations: novel
mutation patterns and amprenavir cross-resistance
Parkin NT, N Chappey C, Petropoulos CJ, et al
AIDS: Vol17(7) 2 May 2003 pp 955-961
Paper

Unfavourable interaction of amprenavir and lopinavir in combination with
ritonavir?
Mauss S,  Schmutz G,   Kuschak D.
AIDS 2002; 16: 296-297 
Letter

Genotypic and phenotypic cross-resistance patterns to lopinavir and
amprenavir in protease inhibitor-experienced patients with HIV viremia.
Paulsen D, Liao Q, Fusco G, St Clair M, et al.
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2002 Sep 20;18(14):1011-9
Abstract
 

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Drug interaction between amprenavir and lopinavir/ritonavir in salvage therapy.
Khanlou M, Graham E, ; Brill M; Farthin C
AIDS. 16(5):797-798, March 29, 2002.
Paper

LPV/RTV/Atazanavir
 
  Atazanavir and lopinavir with ritonavir alone or in combination: analysis of pharmacokinetic
interaction and predictors of drug exposure.
Di Giambenedetto S, De Luca A, Villani P, et al
HIV Med. 2008 Apr;9(4):239-45.
Abstract

LPV/RTV/Bupropion
 
  Lopinavir/ritonavir reduces bupropion plasma concentrations in healthy subjects.
Hogeland GW, Swindells S, McNabb JC, et al
 Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Jan;81(1):69-75
Abstract

LPV/RTV/Carbamazepine
 
  A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 Carbamazepine Toxicity Induced by Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Nelfinavir (June).
Bates DE, Herman RJ. 
Ann Pharmacother. 2006 May 23;
Abstract

LPV/RTV/Cyclosporine A
 
  Management of drug-to-drug interactions between cyclosporine A and the
protease-inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir in liver-transplanted HIV-infected patients.
Vogel M, Voigt E, Michaelis HC, et al
Liver Transpl. 2004 Jul;10(7):939-44.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Efavirenz
 
  Pharmacokinetic evidence for the induction of lopinavir metabolism by efavirenz.
Dailly E, Allavena C, Raffi F, Jolliet P.
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Jul;60(1):32-4.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Elvucitabine
 
 
The Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Elvucitabine, a Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor,
when Administered over 21 Days with Lopinavir/Ritonavir in HIV-1 Subjects
 Colucci P, Pottage JC, Robison H, et al 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Nov 17.
Abstract

The Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Elvucitabine, a Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor,
when Administered over 21 Days with Lopinavir/Ritonavir in Healthy Subjects
 Colucci P, Pottage JC, Robison H, et al
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Nov 17.
Abstract

  

LPV/RTV/ Fexofenadine
 
  Time-dependent interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and fexofenadine.
van Heeswijk RP, Bourbeau M, Campbell P, et al  
Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Jul;46(7):758-67.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Fosamprenavir
 
  A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Dose Separation Does Not Overcome the Pharmacokinetic Interaction between
Fosamprenavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir.
Corbett AH, Patterson KB, Tien HC, et al 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Aug;50(8):2756-61.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Irinotecan
 
  Lopinavir-Ritonavir Dramatically Affects the Pharmacokinetics of Irinotecan in
HIV Patients With Kaposi's Sarcoma.
Corona G, Vaccher E, Sandron S, et al
 Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Aug 22;
 Abstract
LPV/RTV/Itraconazole
 
  Drug-Drug Interaction between Itraconazole and the Antiretroviral Drug
Lopinavir/Ritonavir in an HIV-1-Infected Patient with Disseminated
Histoplasmosis.
Crommentuyn KM, Mulder JW, Sparidans RW, et al 
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 15;38(8):E73-5.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Levetiracetam
 
  PDF LETTER
 Keppra (levetiracetam) and Kaletra Drug Alert
UCB Pharma
September 2003
Letter

LPV/RTV/Methadone
 
 
The protease inhibitor lopinavir-ritonavir may produce opiate withdrawal in
methadone-maintained patients.
McCance-Katz EF, Rainey PM, Friedland G, Jatlow P
 Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Aug 15;37(4):476-82.
Abstract
 

Absence of opioid withdrawal symptoms in patients receiving  methadone
and the protease inhibitor lopinavir-ritonavir.
Clarke S, Mulcahy F, Bergin C, et al.
Clin Infect Dis 2002 Apr 15;34(8):1143-5
Abstract

  

LPV/RTV/Nevirapine
 
  A population approach to study the influence of nevirapine administration
on lopinavir pharmacokinetics in HIV-1 infected patients.
Dailly E, Reliquet V, Raffi F, Jolliet P. et al 
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Mar 11;
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Phenytoin
 
  Coadministration of Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Phenytoin Results in Two-Way
Drug Interaction Through Cytochrome P-450 Induction.
Lim ML, Min SS, Eron JJ, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Aug 15;36(5):1034-1040.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Rifampin
 
 
A WEEK IN REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
High incidence of adverse events in healthy volunteers receiving rifampicin and
adjusted doses of lopinavir/ritonavir tablets.
Nijland HM, L'homme RF, Rongen GA, et al
AIDS. 2008 May 11;22(8):931-5.
Abstract

Pharmacokinetics of adjusted-dose lopinavir-ritonavir combined with
rifampin in healthy volunteers.
la Porte CJ, Colbers EP, Bertz R, et al 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 May;48(5):1553-60.
Abstract

LPV/RTV/Rosuvastatin
 
 
Drug/Drug Interaction Between Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Rosuvastatin in Healthy Volunteers.
Kiser JJ, Gerber JG, Predhomme JA, et al  
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Dec 20
Abstract

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of combined use of lopinavir/ritonavir
and Rosuvastatin in HIV-infected patients.
van der Lee M, Sankatsing R, Schippers E, et al
Antivir Ther. 2007;12(7):1127-32.
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Saquinavir
 
 
No Significant Influence of Saquinavir Hard-Gel Capsule Administration on
Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Combination With Ritonavir: A Population
Approach.
Dailly E, Gagnieu MC, Allavena C, et al
Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Dec;27(6):782-784.
 Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Saquinavir drug exposure is not impaired by the boosted double protease
inhibitor combination of lopinavir/ritonavir
Stephan C, Hentig N, NiKourbeti I, et al
AIDS: Vol 18(3) 20 February 2004 pp 503-508
Paper
LPV/RTV/Tacrolimus
 
   
Tacrolimus and lopinavir/ritonavir interaction in liver transplantation
Schonder KS, Shullo MA, Okusanya O. et al
Ann Pharmacother. 2003 Dec;37(12):1793-6.
 Abstract

Effect of coadministered lopinavir and ritonavir (Kaletra) on tacrolimus
bloodconcentration in liver transplantation patients.
Jain AB, Venkataramanan R, Eghtesad B, et al
Liver Transpl. 2003 Sep;9(9):954-960.
Abstract

LPV/RTV/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
 
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 The Effect of Lopinavir/Ritonavir on the Renal Clearance of Tenofovir in
HIV-infected Patients.
Kiser JJ, Carten ML, Aquilante CL, et al
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Jun 20;
Abstract

Pharmacokinetics and safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on coadministration with
lopinavir/ritonavir.
Kearney BP, Mathias A, Mittan A,et al
 J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Nov 1;43(3):278-83.
 Abstract

  

LPV/RTV/Triamcinolone
 
  Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome after Epidural Triamcinolone Injections in an HIV Type 1-Infected
Patient Receiving Therapy with Ritonavir-Lopinavir.
 Ramanathan R, Pau AK, Busse KH, et al 
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Nov 7.
Abstract 		 

LPV/RTV/Valproic Acid
 
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 Possible Interaction Between Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Valproic Acid Exacerbates
Bipolar Disorder
 Sheehan NL, Brouillette MJ, Delisle MS, Allan J.
Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Dec 20;
 Abstract

Effects of Valproic Acid Coadministration on Plasma Efavirenz and Lopinavir
Concentrations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults.
 Dicenzo R, Peterson D, Cruttenden K, et al 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Nov;48(11):4328-433
 Abstract

LPV/RTV/Warfarin
 
  A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
FULL TEXT ARTICLE
 Interaction between lopinavir/ritonavir and warfarin
Hughes CA, Freitas A,  Miedzinski LJ 
CMAJ. August 14, 2007; 177 (4)
Paper		  

LPV/RTV/Other PIs
 
  In vitro antiviral interaction of lopinavir with other protease inhibitors
Molla A, Mo H, Vasavanonda S, Han L, et al.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002 Jul;46(7):2249-53
 Abstract		  

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Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Journal Papers/Abstracts/Commentaries: Drug/Drug Interactions