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	African Infectious Disease Challenges
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Regional/Multinational

HIV Disease

Multinational/Regional

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Low Risk of Death, but Substantial Program Attrition, in Pediatric HIV Treatment Cohorts in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The KIDS-ART-LINC Collaboration
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Nov 4
Abstract

The unique features of pediatric HIV-1 in sub-Saharan Africa.
De Baets AJ, Ramet J, Msellati P, Lepage P.
Curr HIV Res. 2008 Jun;6(4):351-62.
Abstract

FULL TEXT ARTICLE
HIV-Infected Children Living in Central Africa Have Low Persistence of Antibodies to Vaccines
Used in the Expanded Program on Immunization
MC Tejiokem, I Gouandjika, Lydie Bénigue, et al
PLoS ONE. 2007 Dec 5;2(12):e1260.
Paper

Addressing the paediatric HIV epidemic: a perspective from the Western Cape Region of
South Africa.
Eley B.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Sep 8;
Abstract

The role of HIV infection in acute respiratory infections among children in sub-Saharan
Africa.
Jeena P.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2005 Jul;9(7):708-15.
Abstract

Estimating the Net Effect of HIV on Child Mortality in African Populations Affected by
Generalized HIV Epidemics.
Marston M, Zaba B, Salomon JA,    et ak
Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005 Feb 1;38(2):219-227.
Abstract

Pediatric viral human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels, timing of infection,
and disease progression in African HIV-1-infected children.
Rouet F, Sakarovitch C, Msellati P, et al
Pediatrics. 2003 Oct;112(4):e289.
Abstract

The post-mortem pathology of HIV-1-infected African children.
Chakraborty R, Pulver A, Pulver LS, et al
Ann Trop Paediatr 2002 Jun;22(2):125-31
Abstract

    Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

POSTER
Response to ART in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Pooled Analysis of Clinical Databases,
the KIDS-ART-LINC Collaboration
El Arrivé, B Marquis, N Tumwesiye, et al
PDF Poster     Abstract

Age and CD4 Percentage at ART Initiation: Relationship to CD4 Response over Time among
Children Enrolled in MTCT-Plus Initiative Sites
R Carter, M Katyal, J Austin, E Abrams
(14 CROI)
Abstract

Improving the quality of care for HIV infected children in Africa through networking
D Tindyebwa, J Kayita, G Bhat, et al
(15IAC)
Abstract

Children and HIV/AIDS in africa and what religious communities have done and can do
J Ngugi Waruguru
(15IAC)
Abstract

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers: do they matter for children and young people
affected by HIV/AIDS?
D Zewdie, M Temin, R Bonnel
(15IAC)
Abstract

Six-country study demonstrates major proliferation of faith-based responses to children
affected by AIDS
G Foster, J Cairns, P McDermott
(15IAC)
Abstract

Children and HIV/AIDS in africa and what religious communities have
done and can do
J Ngugi Waruguru
(15IAC)
Abstract

CMV

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

High human cytomegalovirus loads and diverse linked variable genotypes in both HIV-1 infected and exposed,
but uninfected, children in Africa.
Bates M, Monze M, Bima H, et al
Virology. 2008 Oct 15.
Abstract

Botswana

HIV Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Pathology and causes of death in a series of human immunodeficiency virus-positive
and negative pediatric referral hospital admissions in Botswana.
Ansari NA, Kombe AH, Kenyon TA, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003 Jan;22(1):43-48
Abstract

    Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

POSTER
Discordance between Absolute CD4⁺ T Lymphocyte Count and CD4⁺ T Lymphocyte Percentage
among HIV⁺ Children in Botswana
E Lowenthal, H Jibri, H Draper, et al
(15 CROI)
PDF Poster     Abstract|

Violence

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Knowledge and perceptions of parents regarding child sexual abuse in botswana and swaziland
Mathoma AM, Maripe-Perera DB |
J Pediatr Nurs. 2006 Feb;21(1):67-72.
Abstract

Burkino Faso

HIV Infection/Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Lung disease and HIV infection in children at the Charles de Gaulle university pediatric hospital center
in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso).
Kouéta F, Yé D, Dao l, et al
Sante. 2008 Jan-Mar;18(1):15-8.
Abstract

    Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

POWERPOINT POSTER PRESENTATION
Once-a-day pediatric HAART with DDI+3TC+EFV in Burkina Faso - a phase II Trial (ANRS 12103 trial)
P Msellati
(XVII International AIDS Conference)
Poster Presentation

Cryptosporidiosis

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Clinical profile of cryptosporidiosis in a pediatric hospital environment in Burkina Faso.
Nacro B, Bonkoungou P, Nagalo K, et al.
Med Trop (Mars) 1998;58(1):47-50
Abstract

Côte d'Ivoire

HIV Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

FULL TEXT ARTICLE
18-month occurrence of severe events among early diagnosed HIV-infected children before antiretroviral therapy
in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: a cohort study.
Harambat J, Fassinou P, Becquet R,et al
BMC Public Health. 2008 May 20;8(1):169.
Paper

Early mixed feeding and breastfeeding beyond 6 months increase the risk of postnatal HIV
transmission: ANRS 1201/1202 Ditrame Plus, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Becquet R, Ekouevi DK, Menan H, et al
Prev Med. 2007 Dec 4
Abstract

Genotypic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in Highly Active Antiretroviral
Therapy-Treated Children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Chaix ML, Rouet F, Kouakoussui KA, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Dec;24(12):1072-1076.
Abstract

   Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

Virologic and Immunologic Response to ART and Predictors of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Children
Receiving Treatment in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
JN Nkengasong C Adje-Toure, D Hanson. et al
(14 CROI)
Abstract

Clinical and biological factors at recruitment in HIV infected children in relation with three
years survival in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire: the experience of the ANRS 1244/1278 study
P Msellati, MF Anaky, F Rouet, et al
(3rd IAS)
Abstract

Sex/health education as a means to prevent HIV/AIDS infection among street
children in Côte d'Ivoire
B D Soura
(15IAC)
Abstract

HIV/TB

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Diagnosed Tuberculosis During the Follow-up of a Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: ANRS 1278 Study.
Elenga N, Kouakoussui KA, Bonard D, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Dec;24(12):1077-1082
Abstracts

Tuberculosis

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Diagnosed Tuberculosis During the Follow-up of a Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-
Infected Children in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: ANRS 1278 Study.
Elenga N, Kouakoussui KA, Bonard D, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005 Dec;24(12):1077-1082.
Abstract

DR Congo

HIV Infection/Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus screening in an african district hospital.
De Baets AJ, Edidi BS, Kasali MJ
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2005 Jan;12(1):86-92
Abstract

Egypt

HCV Infection/Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

FULL TEXT ARTICLE
Prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian children.
El-Raziky MS, El-Hawary M, Esmat G, et al
World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Mar 28;13(12):1828-32.
Paper

Hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian children: single centre experience.
El-Raziky MS, El-Hawary M, El-Koofy N, et al
J Viral Hepat. 2004 Sep;11(5):471-6
Abstract

Ethiopia

HIV Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Children, AIDS and the politics of orphan care in Ethiopia: The extended family revisited.
Abebe T, Aase A
Soc Sci Med. 2007 Mar 20;
Abstract

Clinical description of children with HIV/AIDS admitted at a referral hospital in
Addis Ababa.
Bedri A, Lulseged S.
Ethiop Med J 2001 Jul;39(3):203-11
Abstract

Kenya

Anemia

Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

The acceptability to women in Mombasa, Kenya, of the donation and transfusion of umbilical cord
blood for severe anaemia in young children.
Hassall O, Ngina L, Kongo W, et al
Vox Sang. 2007 Dec 7
Abstract

HIV Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

FULL TEXT ARTICLE
Optimizing paediatric HIV care in Kenya: challenges in early infant diagnosis.
Cherutich P, Inwani I, Nduati R, Mbori-Ngachad D.
Bull World Health Organ. 2008 Feb;86(2):155-16
Paper

Novel antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal strains recovered from the upper respiratory tracts of
HIV-infected adults and their children in Kisumu, Kenya.
Medina MJ, Greene CM
Microb Drug Resist. 2005 Spring;11(1):9-17.
Abstract

    Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

POWERPOINT POSTER PRESENTATION
Parental disclosure of pediatric HIV status: a qualitative assessment of disclosure and pediatric antiretroviral
R. Vreeman (XVII International AIDS Conference)
Poster Presentation

Orphan status and pediatric anti-retroviral therapy adherence in a resource-poor setting
Wiehe SE, Vreeman RC, Musick BS, et al
(4th IAS Conference)
Abstract

Validation of clinical algorithms for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection and initiation of
antiretroviral therapy in exposed children aged less than 18 months in Kenya
Inwani I, Ngacha D-M, Nduati R, et al
(4th IAS Conference)
Abstract

Increasing the coping capacity of children affected by HIV/AIDS through the child-centred
approaches to HIV/AIDS (CCATH)
C Ogolla, A G Ragi, J N Kimani
(15IAC)
Abstract

HIV/TB

    Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

Outcomes of tuberculosis co-infected children below 3 years on art in Western Kenya
Nyandiko-Mokaya W, Mwangi A , Arpadi S, et al
(4th IAS Conference)
Abstract

Malaria

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus infection as risk factors for anemia in
infants in Kisumu, western Kenya.
van Eijk AM, Ayisi JG, Ter Kuile FO,
Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002 Jul;67(1):44-53
PDF Paper
Defining and detecting malaria epidemics in the highlands of western Kenya.
Hay SI, Simba M, Busolo M, et al.
Emerg Infect Dis 2002 Jun;8(6):555-62
Abstract

Salmonella

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Salmonella Bacteremia in Kenyan Children.
Brent AJ, Oundo JO, Mwangi I, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006 Mar;25(3):230-236.
Abstract

Violence

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Piloting post-exposure prophylaxis in Kenya raises specific concerns for the management of
childhood rape.
Speight CG, Klufio A, Kilonzo SN, et al
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Jan;100(1):14-8.
Abstract

Malawi

     News

Abbott Fund, Baylor College of Medicine and the Government of Malawi to Build
New Clinic for HIV-Infected Children
March 05, 2005
News Release

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

FULL TEXT PDF ARTICLE
HIV prevalence in severely malnourished children admitted to nutrition rehabilitation units in Malawi: Geographical &
seasonal variations A cross-sectional study A cross-sectional study.
Thurstans S, Kerac M, Maleta K, et al
BMC Pediat< 2008 May 21;8(1):22.
Paper

Association of maternal HIV infection with increase of infant mortality in Malawi.
Hong R.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2008 May;44(5):291-6.
Abstract

Experience of anti-retroviral treatment for HIV-infected children in Malawi: the 1st 12 months.
Ellis J, Molyneux EM.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 2007 Dec;27(4):261-7.
Abstract

HIV Seroreversion Time in HIV-1-Uninfected Children Born to HIV-1-Infected Mothers
in Malawi.
Gulia J, Kumwenda N, Li Q, Taha TE .
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Aug 30;
Abstract

Incidence of cryptosporidiosis species in paediatric patients in Malawi.
Morse TD, Nichols RA, Grimason AM, et al
Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Jan 15;:1-9
Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy for children in the routine setting in Malawi.
The Malawi Paediatric Antiretroviral Treatment Group.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2006 Dec 28;
Abstract

Chemokine Responses Are Increased in HIV-Infected Malawian Children With Invasive
Pneumococcal Disease.
Carrol ED, Mankhambo LA, Balmer P, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Dec 21
Abstract

Observational Cohort Study of HIV-Infected African Children.
Laufer MK, van Oosterhout JJ, Perez MA, et al
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006 Jul;25(7):623-627.
Abstract

Spectrum and presentation of pediatric malignancies in the HIV era: Experience from Blantyre,
Malawi, 1998-2003.
Sinfield RL, Molyneux EM, Banda K, et al
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006 Jun 22;
Abstract

Low levels of pyrazinamide and ethambutol in children with tuberculosis and impact of age,
nutritional status, and human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Graham SM, Bell DJ, Nyirongo S,
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Feb;50(2):407-13.
Abstract

HIV and mortality of mothers and children: evidence from cohort studies in Uganda, Tanzania,
and Malawi.
Zaba B, Whitworth J, Marston M, et al
Epidemiology. 2005 May;16(3):275-80.
Abstract

Changes in haemoglobin levels in infants in Malawi: effect of low birth weight and fetal
anaemia.
Le Cessie S, Verhoeff FH, Mengistie G,et al.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2002 May;86(3):F182-F187
Abstract

   Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

POSTER
Normal Laboratory Reference Values for Ugandan and Malawian Infants:
A Comparison with the DAIDS Toxicity Tables
I Lubega, M Fowle, A Elbireer, et al
(15 CROI)
PDF Poster     Abstract

Cross fertilization of good practices and lessons learned amongst implementing partners
enhances Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) programs. Hope for African Children
Initiative (HACI) Malawi experience
B Yamba, T Chirwa, N Bamusi
(15IAC)
Abstract

Nigeria

Malaria

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Pattern of pediatric HIV/AIDS: a five-year experience in a tertiary hospital.
Onankpa B, Airede L, Paul I, Dorcas I, et al
J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 Jul;100(7):821-5
Abstract

HIV infection in hospitalized children with endemic diseases in Abakaliki, Nigeria: the role of
clinically directed selective screening in diagnosis.
Ojukwu JU, Ogbu CN.
AIDS Care. 2007 Mar;19(3):330-6.
Abstract

Death of a G-6-P-D Deficient Child with Co-morbid HIV Infection Linked to Scarification.
Uwaezuoke SN, Nneli RO.
J Trop Pediatr. 2007 Jan 4;
Abstract

Rwanda

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Street children and political violence: a socio-demographic analysis of street
children in Rwanda.
Veale A, Dona G.
Child Abuse Negl 2003 Mar;27(3):253-69
Abstract
Ocular manifestations of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus in
an African pediatric population.
Kestelyn P, Lepage P, Karita E, Van de Perre P.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2000 Dec;8(4):263-73
Abstract

Senegal

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Evaluation of Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) scoring in African children with falciparum malaria.
Gerardin P, Rogier C, Leteurtre S, et al
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006 Jan;7(1):45-47
Abstract

South Africa

General Reports
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Rates and causes of child mortality in an area of high HIV prevalence in rural South Africa.
Garrib A, Jaffar S, Knight S, et al
Trop Med Int Health. 2006 Dec;11(12):1841-8.
Abstract

HIV Disease

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

Infant feeding, HIV transmission and mortality at 18 months: the need for appropriate choices by mothers and
prioritization within programmes.
Rollins NC, Becquet R, Bland RM, et al
AIDS. 2008 Nov 12;22(17):2349-57.
Abstract

HIV Type 1 Subtype C Drug Resistance among Pediatric and Adult South African Patients Failing
Antiretroviral Therapy.
Pillay V, Pillay C, Kantor R, et al
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2008 Nov 11.
Abstract

Minimally Invasive Surgery for Children with HIV/AIDS.
Banieghbal B.
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2008 Oct 31.
Abstract

Beyond stigma? Young children's responses to HIV and AIDS.
Bhana D.
Cult Health Sex. 2008 Oct;10(7):725-38.
Abstract

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Bacterial Disease and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns in HIV-Infected, Hospitalized Children:
A Retrospective Cohort Study
Jaspan HB, Huang LC, . Cotton MF, et al
PLoS ONE. 2008 Sep 24;3(9):e3260.
Paper

Two-Year Outcomes of Children on Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor and Protease Inhibitor Regimens
in a South African Pediatric Antiretroviral Program.
Jaspan HB, Berrisford AE, Boulle AM.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008 Sep 24.
Abstract

Total Lymphocyte Count: Not a Surrogate Marker for Risk of Death in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children.
Musoke PM, Young AM, Owor MA, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Sep 2.
Abstract

What's new? Investigating risk factors for severe childhood malnutrition in a high HIV
prevalence South African setting.
Saloojee H, De Maayer T, Garenne ML, Kahn K.
Scand J Public Health Suppl. 2007 Aug;69:96-106
Abstract

Children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Admitted to a Paediatric Intensive
Care Unit in South Africa.
Rabie H, Boer AD, Bos SV, et al
J Trop Pediatr. 2007 May 25;
Abstract

Oral candidiasis and oral yeast carriage among institutionalised South African paediatric
HIV/AIDS patients.
Blignaut E.
Mycopathologia. 2007 Feb 12;
Abstract

Surgeons are failing to recognize children with HIV infection.
Bowley DM, Rogers TN, Meyers T, Pitcher G.
J Pediatr Surg. 2007 Feb;42(2):431-4.
Abstract

Antiretroviral treatment for children.
Eley B, Davies MA, Apolles P, et al
S Afr Med J. 2006 Sep;96(9 Pt 2)
Abstract

Pediatric Nursing in the Context of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Resource-poor Settings-Balancing t
he "Art and the Science"
Govender L, Rochat T, Richter L, Rollins N.
Holist Nurs Pract. 2006 September/October;20(5):247-254.
Abstract

Oral trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole levels in stable HIV-infected children.
Zar HJ, Langdon G, Apolles P, et al
S Afr Med J. 2006 Jul;96(7):627-9.
Abstract