MEDICAL ADVOCATES
   Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra/Aluvia)
Journal Citations Adverse Events
 
  General Disorders                               
Cardiovascular Disorders         
Cutaneous Disorders           
Gastrointestinal Disorders
 Hepatic Disorders        
 Hypersensitivity                 
Metabolic Disorders               
Musculoskeletal Disorders            
Oral Disorders
 		  
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General Disorders
 
 
Alopecia induced by lopinavir plus ritonavir therapy in an HIV patient.
Chrysos G, Mikros S, Kokkoris S, et al  
J Drugs Dermatol. 2007 Jul;6(7):742-3.
 Abstract
 
Clinical ritonavir and lopinavir hypersensitivity confirmed by a specific in vitro
cellular allergen stimulation test.
Manfredi R, Sabbatani S, Bergonzi S.
Curr HIV Res. 2007 Jul;5(4):440-2
 Abstract

Predictive factors of lopinavir/ritonavir discontinuation for drug-related toxicity:
results from a cohort of 416 multi-experienced HIV-infected individuals.
 Bongiovanni M, Cicconi P, Landonio S, et al 
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005 May 3;
 Abstract

Inflammatory oedema of the legs: a new side-effect of lopinavir?
Lascaux A S, Lesprit P, Bertocchi M, Levy Y.
AIDS 2001;15:819
Letter

Cardiovascular Disorders
 
 
Serious bradyarrhythmia that was possibly induced by lopinavir-ritonavir
in 2 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Kikuchi Y, Genka I, Ishizaki A, et al.
 Clin Infect Dis 2002 Aug 15;35(4):488-90
 Abstract
 
Accumulation of lopinavir resistance-associated mutations over 3 years follow-up of
patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy: implication in salvage therapy.
Tsuchiya K,  Matsuoka S,  Hachiya A,   et al
AIDS. 15(9):1183-1184, June 15, 2001.
Letter
 

Cutaneous Disorders
 
 
Hair loss induced by lopinavir-ritonavir.
 Borrás-Blasco J, Belda A, Rosique-Robles D, et al
Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Aug;27(8):1215-8.
Abstract

Maculo-papular rash induced by lopinavir/ritonavir.
 Calista D. 
Eur J Dermatol. 2005 Mar-Apr;15(2):97-8.
 Abstract

Gastrointestinal Disorders
 
  Differences in rates of diarrhea in patients with human immunodeficiency
virus receiving lopinavir-ritonavir or nelfinavir.
 Guest JL, Ruffin C, Tschampa JM,et al 
Pharmacotherapy. 2004 Jun;24(6):727-35.
Abstract

Hepatic Disorders
 
 
Lopinavir/ritonavir induces the hepatic activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2C9,
CYP2C19, and CYP1A2 but inhibits the hepatic and intestinal activity of CYP3A as
measured by a phenotyping drug cocktail in healthy volunteers.
Yeh RF, Gaver VE, Patterson KB,
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.  2006 May;42(1):52-
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Liver injury and changes in hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA load associated with
protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy for treatment-naive HCV-HIV-
coinfected patients: lopinavir-ritonavir versus nelfinavir.
Sherman KE, Shire NJ, Cernohous P, et al
 Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 15;41(8):1186-95.
 Abstract
 
Higher plasma lopinavir concentrations are associated with a moderate rise in
cholestasis markers in HIV-infected patients.
 Seminari E, Gentilini G, Galli L, et al   
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 Sep 5;
Abstract
 
Low incidence of hepatotoxicity in a cohort of HIV patients treated with lopinavir/
ritonavir.
 Bonfanti P, Ricci E, Penco G, et al
AIDS. 2005 Sep 2;19(13):1433-1434.
 Abstract
 
Liver Toxicity of Lopinavir-Containing Regimens in HIV-Infected Patients with
or without Hepatitis C Coinfection.
 Gonzalez-Requena D, Nunez M, et al  
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2004 Jul;20(7):698-700.
 Abstract

Hypersensitivity
 
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Clinical ritonavir and lopinavir hypersensitivity confirmed by a specific in vitro
cellular allergen stimulation test.
Manfredi R, Sabbatani S, Bergonzi S.
Curr HIV Res. 2007 Jul;5(4):440-2
 Abstract

Metabolic Disorders
 
 
Sustained Increase of HDL Cholesterol Over a 72-Week Period in HIV-Infected Patients Exposed
to an AntiretroviralRegimen Including Lopinavir/Ritonavir.
Meynard JL, Lacombe K, Poirier JM, et al  J
Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic Ill). 2008 Nov 17.
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Impact of steady-state lopinavir plasma levels on plasma lipids and body
composition after 24 weeks of lopinavir/ritonavir-containing therapy free
of thymidine analogues.
León A, Martinez E, Sarasa M, et al 
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Aug 21;
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients receiving long-term therapy with
efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir and atazanavir.
Bernal E, Masiá M, Padilla S, et al
Med Clin (Barc). 2007 Jul 14;129(7):252-4.
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Exploratory study comparing the metabolic toxicities of a lopinavir/ritonavir plus
saquinavir dual protease inhibitor regimen versus a lopinavir/ritonavir plus
zidovudine/lamivudine nucleoside regimen.
Cameron DW, Becker S, King MS
 J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Mar 9;
 Abstract
 
Effects of atazanavir/ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir on glucose uptake and insulin
sensitivity: demonstrable  differences in vitro and clinically.
Noor MA, Flint OP, Maa JF, Parker RA.  
AIDS. 2006 Sep 11;20(14):1813-21.
 Abstract
 
Single-dose lopinavir-ritonavir acutely inhibits insulin-mediated glucose disposal in
healthy volunteers.
Lee GA, Lo JC, Aweeka F,
Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 1;43(5):658-60.
 Abstract
 
Predictive Factors of Hyperlipidemia in HIV-Infected Subjects Receiving
Lopinavir/Ritonavir.
Bongiovanni M, Bini T, Cicconi P, et al
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2006 Feb;22(2):132-8
Abstract

Lopinavir/ritonavir combination and total/HDL cholesterol ratio.
 Valerio L, Fontas E, Pradier C, Lavrut T, et al 
J Infect. 2005 Apr;50(3):229-35.
 Abstract

Lipid disorders in antiretroviral-naive patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir-
based HAART: frequency, characterization and risk factors.
 Montes ML, Pulido F, Barros C, Condes E, et al 
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 Mar 10;
 Abstract
 
Risk of metabolic abnormalities in patients infected with HIV receiving
antiretroviral therapy that contains lopinavir-ritonavir.
Martinez E, Domingo P, Galindo MJ, et al.   
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 1;38(7):1017-23.
 Abstract
 
Incidence of hyperlipidaemia in a cohort of 212 HIV-infected patients
receiving a protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy.
 Calza L, Manfredi R, Farneti B, Chiodo F
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003 Jul;22(1):54-59.
Abstract
 
FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 The metabolic effects of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-negative men.
Lee G A, Seneviratne T. Noor MA, et al
AIDS. 18(4):641-649,
 Paper

Musculoskeletal  Disorders
 
  Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in a HIV-1 infected patient receiving
lopinavir/ritonavir.
 Bongiovanni M, Chiesa E, Riva A, et al 
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003 Dec;22(6):630-1.
 Abstract
 
FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
Small dense LDL and atherogenic lipid profile in HIV-positive adults: influence of
lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen.
 Badiou S, De Boever CM,Dupuy A-M,et al
AIDS. 17(5):772-774, March 28, 2003.
 Paper

Oral Disorders
 
  Acquired macroglossia due to lopinavir/ritonavir treatment.
 Vritsali E, Kolokotronis A, Valagouti D, et al 
Oral Pathol Med. 2005 Jan;34(1):56-58.
 Abstract

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