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ARV/HAART
  Therapeutic Strategies
 
General Challenges  
Starting Therapy
Switching Therapy 
Simplification Therapy 
Once-Daily Regimens  
 Twice-Daily Regimens
Intensification Therapy
 Mega-HAART
General Outcome Studies
 Treatment-Experienced
   		Advanced HIV Disease
Intermittent Therapy
 Monitoring
Directly Administered Therapy 
Treatment Interruption
Salvage Therapy
Prevention
Discontinuation of Therapy  

 
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Last Update:  April 20, 2012
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General Challenges
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
Neurocognitive Impact of Antiretroviral Treatment: Thinking Long-Term.
McPhail ME, Robertson KR.
 Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2011 Aug 12.
 Abstract

Protective role of antiretroviral treatment in the impairment of renal function in a
cohort of human immunodeficiency virus patients.
Mérida L, De la Torre J, Olalla J, et al
Med Clin (Barc). 2011 Mar 10.
 Abstract

High Dose Atorvastatin Decreases Cellular Markers of Immune Activation without Affecting
HIV-1 RNA Levels: Results of a Double-Blind Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial.
Ganesan A, Crum-Cianflone N, Higgins J, et al
 J Infect Dis. 2011 Feb 15
 Abstract

The impact of HIV drug resistance testing on changes to treatment.
Bansi L, Smith C, Phillips A, et al
AIDS. 2011 Feb
 Abstract

FULL-TEXT PDF ARTICLE
 Antiretroviral Therapy Optimisation without Genotype Resistance Testing:
A Perspective on Treatment History Based Models.
Prosperi MC, Rosen-Zvi M, Altmann A, et al
PLoS One. 2010 Oct 29;5(10):e13753
 Paper

Role of fixed-dose combinations of antiretrovirals in HIV-1 therapy.
Llibre JM, Antela A, Arribas JR,  et al|
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2010 Sep 29
 Abstract

The prognosis of patients with dissociated virological and immunological responses
to HAART.
Jevtović D, Salemović D, Ranin J,  et al
Biomed Pharmacother. 2010 Sep 20.
Abstract

Optimal antiretroviral therapy: HIV-1 treatment strategies to avoid and overcome
drug resistance.
Grant PM, Zolopa AR.
 Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2010 Aug;11(8):901-10
 Abstract

Doctor-patient concordance during HIV treatment switching decision-making.
Clucas C, Harding R, Lampe F, et al
HIV Med. 2010 Jun 17.
 Abstract

Impact of antiretroviral treatment on (13)C-methionine metabolism as a marker of
hepatic mitochondrial function: a longitudinal study.
Banasch M, Frank J, Serova K,  et al
HIV Med. 2010 May 23.
Abstract

Transient Lowering of the Viral Set Point After Temporary Antiretroviral
Therapy of Primary HIV Type 1 Infection.
Steingrover R, Garcia EF, van Valkengoed IG,  et al 
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010 Apr 8
 Abstract

Predicting the magnitude of short-term CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV-infected patients
during first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Castagna A, Galli L, Torti C,  et al
 Antivir Ther. 2010;15(2):165-75.
 Abstract

Therapy for persistent HIV.
Keedy KS, Margolis DM.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Mar 4
 Abstract

Does Choice of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) Alter Changes in
Cerebral Function Testing after 48 Weeks in Treatment-Naive, HIV-1-Infected
Individuals Commencing cART? A Randomized, Controlled Study.
Winston A, Duncombe C, Li PC, et al
 Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Feb 10.
 Abstract

Better than nothing: keeping pts on failing regimen has benefits.
Winslow DL.
AIDS Alert. 2009 Apr;24(4):44-5.
 Abstract

A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Importance of Dose Timing to Achieving Undetectable Viral Loads.
Gill CJ, Sabin LL, Hamer DH,  et al
AIDS Behav. 2009 Apr 8.
Abstract
 
Sequencing of Therapy to Avoid Resistance and the Need for New Antiretroviral Drugs in the
Treatment of HIV Disease.
Wainberg MA, Martinez-Cajas JL.
 Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2009 Mar;9(2):172
 Abstract
 
Monotherapy in treatment-naïve patients
 Arranz Caso JA.
 Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2008 Dec;26 Suppl 16:2-7
 Abstract
 
The Management of Treatment-Experienced HIV-Infected Patients: New Drugs and Drug Combinations.
Wilson LE, Gallant JE. 
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Dec 11
 Abstract
 
Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Virus: Applying the Guidelines
to Practice.
 Kaplan SS, Mounzer KC.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008 Dec;22(12):931
 Abstract
 
The "induction-maintenance" strategy
Arribas López JR.
 Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2008 Dec;26 Suppl 16:8-11
 Abstract
 
The effect of antiretroviral treatment of different durations in primary HIV infection.
Pantazis N, Touloumi G, Vanhems P, et al
AIDS. 2008 Nov 30;22(18):2441-2450.
 Abstract
 
A WEEK IN REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 Initiation of therapy with a subcutaneously administered antiretroviral in treatment-experienced
HIV-infected patients: understanding physician and patient perspectives.
 Horne R, Cooper V, Fisher M.
AIDS Care. 2008 Oct;20(9):1029-38.
 Abstract
 
Selecting anti-HIV therapies based on a variety of genomic and clinical factors.
Rosen-Zvi M, Altmann A, Prosperi M, et al
Bioinformatics. 2008 Jul 1;24(13):i399-i406.
 Abstract
 
A WEEK IN REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
Antiretroviral therapy of late presenters with advanced HIV disease.
Battegay M, Fehr J, Flückiger U, Elzi L.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2008 Apr 12
Abstract
 
New therapeutic options in protracted hiv-infected patients with virological failure.
Moreno Cuerda VJ, Rubio García R, Morales Conejo M.
Med Clin (Barc). 2008 Jan 26;130(2):66-70.
 Abstract
 
A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of two HAART strategies at two
years in antiretroviral naive patients.
Mallolas J, Blanco JL, Pich J, et al 
Rev Clin Esp. 2007 Oct;207(9):427-432.
 Abstract

Antiretroviral treatment strategies and immune reconstitution in treatment-naïve HIV-infected
patients with advanced disease.
Soria A, Lazzarin A.
 J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Sep;46 Suppl 1:S19-30.
 Abstract
 
     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters
 
 
POSTER
 HIV-infected Patients with Positive MT-2 Cultures May Need More Frequent Monitoring
and/or HAART Initiation at Higher CD4 Counts
Avan ’t Wout, A van Sighem, M Welkers, et al 
(17th CROI)
 PDF Poster     Abstract

A WEEK IN REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 How will we use the new ART drugs?
C Katlama 
 (Ninth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection
 PDF Abstract
 
Therapeutic options in heavily pretreated HIV-1 patients based on the genotypic resistance patterns
D Paraskevis, E Magiorkinis, G Magiorkinis, et al
 (Ninth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection)
 Abstract
 
POSTER
Intermediate (12 Months) and Long-term (6 Years) Cognitive Response to HAART in 2 |
Thai Cohorts
V Valcour P Sithinamsuwan, W Pumpradit, et al
 (15th CROI)
 PDF Poster     Abstract
 
The Effect of ART of Different Durations in Primary HIV Infection
N Pantazis, Giota Touloumi, P Vanhems, et al
(15th CROI)
Abstract

POSTER
 An Open-label Randomized Trial to Determine the Virologic and Immunologic Effects of
4-Weeks of Cyclosporine A Given in Combination with ART during Acute and Early Infection
M Markowitz, F Vaida, S Little ,et al
(15th CROI)
PDF Poster    Abstract
Once-Daily Regimens
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  One-pill once-a-day HAART: a simplification strategy that improves adherence
and quality of life of HIV-infected subjects.
Airoldi M, Zaccarelli M, Bisi L,  et al
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2010 May 13;4:115-25.
 Abstract

     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

 
Once-daily regimens were associated with a higher rate of self-chosen discontinuations
Murri R, Cingolani A, De Luca A, Di Giambenedetto S,, et al 
(Ninth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection)
 Abstract

POSTER
 Once-Daily Versus Twice-Daily Regimens: Which is Best for HIV Infected Patients?
B. VrijensL.Comté, E. Tousset J. Urquhart
(7th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV Therapy)
 PDF Poster
Twice-Daily Regimens
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  FULL-TEXT DOWNLOADABLE ARTICLE
 Twice-daily versus once-daily antiretroviral therapy and coformulation strategies in HIV-infected adults:
benefits, risks, or burden?
Nachega JB, Rosenkranz B, Pham PA.
 Patient Prefer Adherence. 2011;5:645-51.
 Paper
Simplification Therapy
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
Simplification of antiretroviral therapy: a good choice for our patients and the sustainability of our health care system.
González Rivas L, Sánchez Gómez E,  et al
Farm Hosp. 2011 Oct 19.
 Abstract

Treatment simplification in HIV-infected adults as a strategy to prevent toxicity,
improve adherence, quality of life and decrease healthcare costs.
Nachega JB, Mugavero MJ, Zeier M, et al
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2011;5:357-6
 Abstract

One-pill once-a-day HAART: a simplification strategy that improves adherence
and quality of life of HIV-infected subjects.
 Airoldi M, Zaccarelli M, Bisi L,  et al
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2010 May 13;4:115-25.
 Abstract

Simplification strategies to reduce antiretroviral drug exposure: progress and prospects.
McKinnon JE, Mellors JW, Swindells S/
Antivir Ther. 2009;14(1):1-12.
 Abstract
 
Potential risks and benefits of HIV treatment simplification: a simulation model of a
proposed clinical trial.
Schackman BR, Scott CA, Sax PE, et al
Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Oct 15;45(8):1062-70.
 Abstract

Benefits and concerns of simplification strategies in HIV-infected patients.
Negred E, Bonjoch A, Clotet B.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Jun 27;
 Abstract
 

     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

 
Improved treatment adherence associated with treatment simplification
 Baker D, Vale R, Doong N,  et al
 (4th IAS Conference)
 Abstract

Effect of Antiretroviral Simplified Regimens on Cellular HIV-DNA Levels-
G. D'ETTORRE M. CARNEVALINI, C. ANDREONI,  et al
 (45 ICAAC)
 Abstracts
Intensification Therapy
     

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy with a CCR5 Antagonist in Patients with Chronic HIV-1 Infection:
Effect on T Cells Latently Infected.
Gutiérrez C , Díaz L , Vallejo A , et al.
 PLoS ONE 6(12): e27864.
Paper

FULL-TEXT ARTICLE
 Treatment intensification does not reduce residual HIV-1 viremia in patients on
|highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Dinoso JB, Kim SY, Wiegand AM, et al
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jun 9;106(23):9403-8
 

Intensification of a suppressive HAART regimen increases CD4 counts and decreases
CD8+ T-cell activation.
Kolber MA, Saenz MO, Tanner TJ, et al
Clin Immunol. 2007 Nov 8;
Abstract

Evolution of resistance mutations pattern in HIV-1-infected patients during intensification
therapy with a boosted protease inhibitor.
Blanco JL, Biglia MA, Arnedo M, et al
AIDS. 2005 May 20;19(8):829-31.
 Abstract

Intensification of Antiretroviral Therapy Accelerates the Decay of the HIV-1 Latent
Reservoir and Decreases, But Does Not Eliminate, Ongoing Virus Replication.
 Ramratnam B, Ribeiro R, He T, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004
Abstract

Intensification and stimulation therapy for human immunodeficiency virus type 1
reservoirs in infected persons receiving virally suppressive highly active antiretroviral
therapy.
Kulkosky J, Nunnari G, Otero M, et al
J Infect Dis. 2002 Nov 15;186(10):1403-11.
Abstract
Mega-HAART
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

  Mega-HAART: preliminary results and correlation with baseline resistance.
Rottmann C, Miller V, Staszewski S.
Antivir Ther. 1999;4 Suppl 3:93-4.
Abstract
General Outcome Studies
     
     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters

  Outcome of Specific HAART Regimens Within and Outside a Randomized Controlled
Trial
A E. HANSEN, J. GERSTOFT , O. KIRK, et al
(45 ICAAC)
 Abstract
Treatment-Experienced Patients: General Strategies
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 
Antiretroviral regimens for treatment-experienced patients with HIV-1 infection.
Lagnese M, Daar ES 
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008 Apr;9(5):687-700.
 Abstract
 
Treatment of Heavily Antiretroviral-Experienced HIV-Infected Patients.
Lunzen J.
 AIDS Rev. 2007 Oct-Dec;9(4):246-53.
 Abstract

Therapeutic options for treatment experienced patients: a focus on resistance testing
and optimizing background therapy.
Sax PE.
 AIDS Read. 2006 May;16(5):265-75, 277-8.
 Abstract
Advanced HIV Disease
       

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries

 
Optimal timing and best antiretroviral regimen in treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals
with advanced disease.
Manzardo C, Zaccarelli M, Agüero F, et al 
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Sep;46 Suppl 1:S9-18.
Abstract

Management of advanced HIV disease: resistance, antiretroviral brain penetration
and malignancies.
Boffito M, Pillay D, Wilkins E. 
IntJ Clin Pract. 2006 Sep;60(9):1098-106.
Abstract

Effect of maintaining highly active antiretroviral therapy on AIDS events among
patients with late-stage HIV infection and inadequate response to therapy.
 Gandhi T, Wei W, Amin K, Kazanjian P.
 Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Mar 15;42(6):878-84.
 Abstract
Monitoring
       
     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters
 
  POSTER
 HIV-infected Patients with Positive MT-2 Cultures May Need More Frequent Monitoring
and/or HAART Initiation at Higher CD4 Counts
Avan ’t Wout, A van Sighem, M Welkers, et al 
(17th CROI)
 PDF Poster     Abstract
Directly Administered Therapy
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
 

Directly observed antiretroviral therapy eliminates adverse effects of active drug use on adherence.
Nahvi S, Litwin AH, Heo M, et al
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2011 Aug 30.
Abstract

Initiation, Adherence, and Retention in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Directly Administered
Antiretroviral Therapy.
 Maru DS, Bruce RD, Walton M, et al
AIDS Behav. 2007 Dec 18
Abstract

Directly administered antiretroviral therapy in the treatment of HIV infection:
benefit or burden?
 Lucas GM, Flexner CW, Moore RD.
 AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2002 Nov;16(11):527-35.
Abstract
Discontinuation of Therapy
 

     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
Assessing risk of a short-term antiretroviral therapy discontinuation as a read-out of viral control in
immune-based therapy.
Routy JP, Boulassel MR, Nicolette CA, Jacobson JM.
J Med Virol. 2012 Jun;84(6):885-9. .
 Abstract

Insights into reasons for discontinuation according to year of starting first regimen of highly
active antiretroviral therapy in a cohort of antiretroviral-naïve patients.
Cicconi P, Cozzi-Lepri A, Castagna A, et al
 HIV Med. 2009 Aug 31.
 Abstract

Disparities in Reported Reasons for Not Initiating or Stopping Antiretroviral Treatment Among
a Diverse Sample of Persons Living with HIV.
 Johnson MO, Chesney MA, Neilands TB, et al
 J Gen Intern Med. 2008 Nov 18
 Abstract
 
Factors associated with discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients
with alcohol problems.
Kim TW, Palepu A, Cheng DM, et al
 AIDS Care. 2007 Sep;19(8):1039-47.
Abstract
 
Effects of Active Treatment Discontinuation in Patients With a CD4+ T-Cell Nadir Greater
Than 350 Cells/mm3: 48-Week Treatment Interruption in Early Starters Netherlands Study
(TRIESTAN).
Pogany K, Vanvalkengoed IG, Prins JM, et al
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 Dec 21;
Abstract
 
The Effects of Early Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Discontinuation on the HIV-Specific Antibody Response.
Killian MS, Norris PJ, Rawal BD, et al 
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2006 Jul;22(7):640-7
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 Determinants of discontinuation of initial highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens in a US
HIV-infected patient cohort.
Yuan Y, L'italien G, Mukherjee J, Iloeje U.
 HIV Med. 2006 Apr;7(3):156-62.
 Abstract
 
Determinants of discontinuation of initial highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens in a US
HIV-infected patient cohort.
Yuan Y, L'italien G, Mukherjee J, Iloeje U.
 HIV Med. 2006 Apr;7(3):156-62.
 Abstract
 
A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
 Discontinuation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with Chronic HIV Infection: Clinical,
Virologic, and Immunologic Consequences.
Mata RC, Viciana P, De Alarcon A, et al
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2005 Sep;19(9):550-62.
 Abstract
 
Long-term follow-up of asymptomatic HIV-infected patients who discontinued antiretroviral
therapy.
Fernandez Guerrero ML, Rivas P, Molina M, et al 
Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Aug 1;41(3):390-4.
 Abstract

It Is Safe to Stop Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients With Preantiretroviral CD4 Cell
Counts >250 cells/μL.
 Skiest DJ, Morrow P, Allen B, et al 
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 Nov 1;37(3):1351-135
 Abstract
 
     Conference Reports, Abstracts, and Posters
 
  A WEEK-IN-REVIEW FEATURED REPORT
POSTER
Influence of Blips of Viral Load during HAART on Control of Viral Replication after Discontinuing
HAART
P Castro, A López, M Plana, et al
 (13 CROI)
 Poster
Self-Injected ARVS
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  Prescribing and using self-injectable antiretrovirals: How concordant are physician and patient
perspectives?
Horne R, Kovacs C, Katlama C, Clotet B, et al
 AIDS Res Ther. 2009 Feb 5;6(1):2.
 Abstract
Prevention
       
     Journal Papers, Abstracts, and Commentaries
 
  FULL TEXT ARTICLE
 Potential Impact of Antiretroviral Chemoprophylaxis on HIV-1 Transmission in
Resource-Limited Settings
Abbas UL, Anderson RM, Mellors JW.
PLoS ONE. 2007 Sep 19;2(9):e875.
 Paper

 
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